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Opinion & Analysis

Are the 2019 Rules of Golf making the game easier? Here are the old, new and removed penalties

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It seems the old-school golfers among us are a bit upset about the new rules for 2019, with some claiming they will make the game easier.

Yes, some penalties have been removed or lessened, but most penalties are still there. And, in fact, quite a few new penalties have been added! Let me stress, that the three lists below are not at all exhaustive. But I find that they give you a realistic insight in the 2019 Rules.

New penalties: These are situations, where you are not penalized under the current rules, but where you will be penalized in 2019

1. If you putt on the putting green with your ball marker still on the ground, in 2019 you incur a one stroke penalty.

2. A golf club can make a “code of conduct,” and you can be penalized (e.g. one or two penalty strokes) for not complying with that. E.g. for not letting through, not raking bunkers etc.

3. When your ball is in a bunker, you get a new option: To take a two-stroke penalty and drop on a “straight line” outside the bunker. I will describe this option in more detail in another article.

4. A club can apply two new local rules, where you can drop closer to the hole (than where you played last) with a two-stroke penalty when your ball is out of bounds or when it is lost (outside a penalty area).

5. You are no longer allowed to substitute a ball for the sole reason that it is out of shape. If you do so, you incur two penalty strokes in stroke play (or lost hole in match play).

6. You are no longer allowed to align your feet with a club e.g. on the fairway (e.g. to have them point in the exact direction you want). If you do so, you incur two penalty strokes in stroke play (or lost hole in match play).

7. You are no longer allowed to mark the ball in front of the ball. If you do so and lift the ball, you will incur a one stroke penalty.

8. You are only allowed to substitute a damaged ball if you are sure the damage happened on the hole you are playing. If you are not sure when it happened, you are not allowed to substitute the ball. If you do so, you incur two penalty strokes in stroke play (or lost hole in match play). You are of course allowed to substitute a ball between holes or when taking relief.

“Old penalties”: These are situations, where you are penalized today and will be penalized in 2019

1. In a bunker: you touch the sand in your backswing.

2. In a bunker: you ground the club just behind the ball.

3. In a bunker: you touch the sand in a practice swing.

4. When you accidentally move your ball in play (with exceptions).

5. When you deem your ball unplayable.

6. When you take relief from water hazards (in 2019: “penalty areas”).

7. When you make practice strokes during play of a hole (with exceptions).

8. When you are playing from a wrong place.

9. When you are playing a stroke to a wrong ball.

10. When you give (or ask for) advice, e.g. club selection.

11. When you improve a “forbidden area,” e.g. by breaking a branch in the area of your intended swing.

12. When you bring more than 14 clubs.

13. When you drop the ball in a wrong way and play it.

Penalties removed: These are situations where you are penalized today, but not in 2019

1. When you make a “double stroke.” One penalty stroke today–no penalty in 2019.

2. When you hole your ball from the putting green with the flagstick in the hole. Two penalty strokes (stroke

play) or lost hole (match play) today–no penalty in 2019.

3. When you remove the flagstick from the hole and place it on the ground… and then strike it in your stroke.

Two penalty strokes (stroke play) or lost hole (match play) today–no penalty in 2019.

4. When your ball is in a bunker, and you ground your club in the bunker somewhere other than in front of or

behind the ball. Two penalty strokes (stroke play) or lost hole (match play) today–no penalty in 2019.

5. When your ball is in a bunker, and your club accidentally touches the sand elsewhere in the bunker. Two penalty strokes (stroke play) or lost hole (match play) today–no penalty in 2019.

6. When your ball is in a water hazard (“penalty area” in 2019) and you want to play it. You touch the water with your club in addressing the ball. Two penalty strokes (stroke play) or lost hole (match play) today –no penalty in 2019.

7. When your ball is in a water hazard (penalty area) or a bunker, and you remove/touch a loose impediment in the water hazard/bunker. Two penalty strokes (stroke play) or lost hole (match play) today–no penalty in 2019.

8. When you accidentally strike and moves your ball during a search for it (within the time limit) in the rough. One penalty stroke today–no penalty in 2019.

9. When you substitute your ball when taking relief without penalty (e.g. when taking relief from a bench or from a ground under repair). Two penalty strokes (stroke play) or lost hole (match play) today –no penalty in 2019.

My impression is that many (both players and golf clubs) underestimate the time and energy needed to learn the 2019 Rules. Let me end this article by encouraging you to read (and learn) them soon!

I am founder of "The Oswald Academy", which has only one purpose: To teach in the Rules of Golf. My hope is to make the Rules of Golf interesting and easy to understand. I am publishing Rules Books, conducting seminars, letterboxes, writing blogs, publishing "The Oswald Rules School" (videos) and much more. I live in New York, but I was born in Denmark. I am a former lawyer, and have two kids - and one wife.

11 Comments

11 Comments

  1. ChipNRun

    Jan 4, 2019 at 1:53 pm

    A recurring argument for altering the OB rule has to do with the explosion of upscale housing development golf courses. OBs coincide with “fairway frontage” for homes.

    Courses built prior to the 1960s tended to be on a rectangular plot of land. You might face OB on six or seven holes. The housing development courses changes all that, as the developers wanted as many homes as possible to have “fairway frontage” in their front or back yards. That means OB everywhere!

    My current home course is such a boxed-in development layout. In all, 14 holes have OB left and hazard right. Two other holes have OB on one side, and one of the only two “clean” holes has a pond in front of the green.

    Two years ago, some neighboring courses turned most of their OB zones into hazard areas. The idea was to lessen slow play by people having to return to the tee box and rehit drives.

  2. Tiger Noods

    Dec 5, 2018 at 12:41 am

    You’re worried about the time it takes to learn them, but you didn’t take the time to proofread your article. Sheesh.

  3. Code

    Dec 2, 2018 at 3:44 pm

    Everyvody’s worried about pace of play yet they let players take off their clothes down to their underwear just so they don’t get them dirty or wet on those shots.
    And then yet clubs supposedly enforce dress code!
    What gives?
    It should be in the Rules for 2020 that at no time clothing may be removed to the underwear for any particular shot.
    Otherwise why have a dress code

    • Tigergor

      Dec 3, 2018 at 6:03 am

      Or, get rid of dress codes. Better solution.

      Sounds like you might have an agenda un related to golf?

  4. Charles Hine

    Nov 30, 2018 at 4:32 pm

    You CAN mark your ball in front of the ball and lift without penalty. Interpretation 14.1a/2

    Marking Ball Correctly

    Rule 14.1a uses “right behind” and “right next to” to ensure the spot of a lifted ball is marked with sufficient accuracy for the player to replace it in the right spot.

    A ball may be marked in any position around the ball so long as it is marked right next to it, and this includes placing a ball-marker in front of or to the side of the ball.

  5. Major Peace

    Nov 30, 2018 at 12:49 pm

    #3 Rule if you remove the flag and purposely place it in such a way as to restrict the distance your ball can go past the hole, how will this be managed.

    • George

      Nov 30, 2018 at 2:07 pm

      A flagstick deliberately positioned or left in a particular place to deflect or stop the ball is treated as a deliberately deflected or stopped ball by a person -> general penalty i.e. 2 penalty strokes or loss of hole AND the stroke made does not count and has to be replaced (in stroke play of course) on its original spot. R13-2b
      That is, if the stroke was made from the putting green. From outside the putting green you’d have to place the ball on the estimated spot on the green where it would have come to rest.

      • George

        Nov 30, 2018 at 2:08 pm

        the general penalty would also apply from outside the putting green

  6. Rich Douglas

    Nov 30, 2018 at 11:46 am

    They should have gotten rid of OB entirely and played it all like a lateral water hazard. (Many people not playing in competitions do this anyway.) There are some silly situations where holes are squeezed into spaces and there’s simply no room for error. OB is supposed to be saved for huge misses, but it’s used in a lot of places to make holes more difficult. By playing it as a lateral, you eliminate the stroke-and-distance, retaining the stroke penalty. This speeds play and makes many holes more playable.

    • Mharr

      Dec 1, 2018 at 9:23 am

      Besides the change that they have eliminated “lateral” hazards (they are all just hazards now), the new local rule (if adopted at your course) actually gives you better relief, as you can drop anywhere between the OB and the fairway, not just 2 club lengths.

    • Rube

      Dec 2, 2018 at 10:55 pm

      There aren’t enough OBs, actually. Especially on Tour.

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Club Junkie

Tour Edge Exotics mini driver review + TaylorMade Spider ZT Max first look – Club Junkie

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On this episode of Club Junkie, I put the new Tour Edge Exotics Mini Driver to the test and break down the performance, forgiveness, distance, and where it fits compared to a traditional driver or strong fairway wood. If you have been curious about adding a mini driver to the bag, this one is worth a look.

I also dive into the new TaylorMade Spider ZT Max putter that was recently spotted and discuss the growing zero torque putter trend. Plus, there is a closer look at the new Project X Titan Yellow shaft showing up on the PGA Tour and what makes it different from other profiles currently out there.

 

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Opinion & Analysis

AVL: We’re talking about practice! My best tips for taking your game to the course

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With the beginning of June on the horizon and courses rounding into peak condition for the season, it’s time to hone the finer skills that often get rusty over the winter. More sunlight also means more time to get out on the course and work on your game.

Whether it’s the practice green or the driving range, there’s always something to improve—whether you’re enjoying the fresh air or preparing for a weekend game or tournament. You can work on drills or freestyle around the green, and friendly competition is a great way to sharpen your skills.

While there are endless ways to get better at golf, I’m going to focus on practicing around the green. Let’s take a look at a few things to keep in mind as we head into the summer months.

Drills

From the driving range to the practice green, it’s important to incorporate drills into your routine. Years ago, I spent a weekend working on my short game with James Sieckmann. He recommended doing drill work for 5–10 minutes, then returning to your main practice.

This way, you create a balance between structured drills and real-world scenarios, so you’re not confined to “perfect” situations. For example, hitting the same three-foot putt over and over is good for repetition, but after a while, it becomes less interactive for your brain.

My approach is to use a putting trainer with a narrow gate for the ball to pass through, or simply place tees just outside the width of the ball. I’ll hit a series of four putts through the gate for three sets. Then, from a similar distance, I’ll hit four putts without the training aid and repeat that sequence three times.

Next, I’ll hit a number of 15–25 foot putts in a random fashion, then circle back to repeat the short putt drills with and without the training aid.

This breaks up the rhythm of hitting short putts with the training aid. When you hit the same short putts over and over, it’s easy to get into a groove—which is great for the drill, but not reflective of actual course play. While finding a rhythm is fundamental for drills, I like to introduce variation with longer putts to keep things realistic.

Game Mode

Once you’ve established a foundation with drills, it’s time to simulate on-course scenarios. This is where a few practice games come in handy.

One that I’ve been enjoying lately involves putting 10- to 15-footers with two balls. If I make the putt, great! If I miss, I pull the missed ball back a putter length. Suddenly, that little tap-in becomes a nerve-wracking three-footer—at least at first. As you get better at this game, those three- and five-footers become much more comfortable and routine.

It may sound cliché, but each shot is just what it is—it’s how we react that makes the difference. I like this game because it blends the pressure of on-course putting with the consequence of leaving yourself a much longer putt than usual.

Another game I like is one I recently learned from Brad Faxon. Place three tees in a line at four different locations around the hole: one at 3 feet, one at 6 feet, and one at 8 feet. The 3- and 6-foot putts count as par, and the 8-footer is for birdie.

This game keeps you focused on scoring and helps you get into a competitive mindset. You can even think about this putting game while you’re on the course. I just started playing it, and last week I couldn’t get better than two under par.

Competition

Competition during practice is when drills and games come to life, and you start to see results. For me, nothing beats a putting contest with a friend or two. In the right setting, these contests can become talking points for the whole season.

Match play, a game of 21, or simply seeing who can make the most one-putts (with a small prize on the line) are all great ways to simulate real on-course pressure. Recently, I played in a putting contest where one competitor made back-to-back 30- and 50-foot putts. As they say, expect your opponent to make every putt—and he nearly did. That’s impressive, and it’s something you see on the course, too: you have to stay committed to your game plan, no matter what.

When it comes to practice, it’s important to blend feedback from recent rounds with the fundamentals you want to reinforce. Drills, games, and competition—from the driving range to the putting green—form the backbone of skills you’ll rely on during actual rounds.

Finding the right balance is something we’re all working on, one practice session at a time. With the beginning of June on the horizon and courses rounding into peak condition for the season, it’s time to hone the finer skills that often get rusty over the winter. More sunlight also means more time to get out on the course and work on your game. Whether it’s the practice green or the driving range, there’s always something to improve—whether you’re enjoying the fresh air or preparing for a weekend game or tournament. You can work on drills or freestyle around the green, and friendly competition is a great way to sharpen your skills. While there are endless ways to get better at golf, I’m going to focus on practicing around the green. Let’s take a look at a few things to keep in mind as we head into the summer months.

Drills

From the driving range to the practice green, it’s important to incorporate drills into your routine. Years ago, I spent a weekend working on my short game with James Sieckmann. He recommended doing drill work for 5–10 minutes, then returning to your main practice. This way, you create a balance between structured drills and real-world scenarios, so you’re not confined to “perfect” situations. For example, hitting the same three-foot putt over and over is good for repetition, but after a while, it becomes less interactive for your brain.

My approach is to use a putting trainer with a narrow gate for the ball to pass through, or simply place tees just outside the width of the ball. I’ll hit a series of four putts through the gate for three sets. Then, from a similar distance, I’ll hit four putts without the training aid and repeat that sequence three times. Next, I’ll hit a number of 15–25 foot putts in a random fashion, then circle back to repeat the short putt drills with and without the training aid.

This breaks up the rhythm of hitting short putts with the training aid. When you hit the same short putts over and over, it’s easy to get into a groove—which is great for the drill, but not reflective of actual course play. While finding a rhythm is fundamental for drills, I like to introduce variation with longer putts to keep things realistic.

Game Mode

Once you’ve established a foundation with drills, it’s time to simulate on-course scenarios. This is where a few practice games come in handy. One that I’ve been enjoying lately involves putting 10- to 15-footers with two balls. If I make the putt, great! If I miss, I pull the missed ball back a putter length.

Suddenly, that little tap-in becomes a nerve-wracking three-footer—at least at first. As you get better at this game, those three- and five-footers become much more comfortable and routine. It may sound cliché, but each shot is just what it is—it’s how we react that makes the difference. I like this game because it blends the pressure of on-course putting with the consequence of leaving yourself a much longer putt than usual.

Another game I like is one I recently learned from Brad Faxon. Place three tees in a line at four different locations around the hole: one at 3 feet, one at 6 feet, and one at 8 feet. The 3- and 6-foot putts count as par, and the 8-footer is for birdie.

This game keeps you focused on scoring and helps you get into a competitive mindset. You can even think about this putting game while you’re on the course. I just started playing it, and last week I couldn’t get better than two under par.

Competition

Competition during practice is when drills and games come to life, and you start to see results. For me, nothing beats a putting contest with a friend or two. In the right setting, these contests can become talking points for the whole season. Match play, a game of 21, or simply seeing who can make the most one-putts (with a small prize on the line) are all great ways to simulate real on-course pressure. Recently, I played in a putting contest where one competitor made back-to-back 30- and 50-foot putts. As they say, expect your opponent to make every putt—and he nearly did. That’s impressive, and it’s something you see on the course, too: you have to stay committed to your game plan, no matter what.

When it comes to practice, it’s important to blend feedback from recent rounds with the fundamentals you want to reinforce. Drills, games, and competition—from the driving range to the putting green—form the backbone of skills you’ll rely on during actual rounds. Finding the right balance is something we’re all working on, one practice session at a time.

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Equipment

Seoul Sensibilities: Is Korean golf fashion starting to shape the world?

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For Korean golfers, we always look forward to the last of the kkot-saem-chu-I for the true start of a new golf season. The term refers to a cold snap, but literally translates as “winter being jealous of the flowers beginning to bloom, thus lashing out one final time before surrendering to spring”.

A rather poetic mouthful packed into a short expression.

Koreans can be like that. Understated, yet oddly expressive at the same time. And nowhere is this more true on the golf course and in our golf bags. In fact, I suspect many Korean golfers look forward to new apparel and accessory drops more than they do actual equipment launches each year.

At this point, Korean golf fashion may exist on its own timeline. (courtesy of @seonbi_golfer)

There is ample evidence to support that suspicion. Korea is the world’s third-largest golf market behind the United States and Japan, yet its appetite for golf apparel exceeds that of both countries combined. Recent estimates suggest that Korea accounts for nearly 40 percent of the global golf apparel market, placing it among the world’s most influential golf fashion markets and punching well above its size.

Simply, we care deeply about how new golf clubs look and feel, but enjoy looking good while swinging them even more.

Golfers in the West may laugh and say that golf is played on a course, not a fashion runway. Perhaps. But what’s the harm in trying to look and feel good, if the added self-confidence can help actual performance? It certainly seems to have worked for Jason Day, who may have unlocked a new stats category: dormant strokes gained. Coincidence?

During the COVID-era, estimates placed the market near $9 billion, an astonishing figure for a single country.

As a proud member of Gen X, I’ve witnessed the highs and lows of golf fashion firsthand. The pleated trousers and wing-tipped shoes of Jack Nicklaus, the stylish plus-fours and knickers of Payne Stewart, the baggy black trousers and fitted mock-necks of Tiger Woods, and the thigh-hugging athletic tailoring of Rory McIlroy. Golf fashion, like the golf swing itself, has rarely stood still.

But nowhere have those trends shifted, evolved, and been scrutinized quite as relentlessly as in Korea. Here, golf fashion moves faster than fairway gossip, and consumers dissect brands with a level of discernment that can be both impressive and mildly terrifying. New brands are studied, judged, embraced, or dismissed with startling efficiency.

The result is a consumer base with one of the sharpest eyes for quality and authenticity anywhere in the world. It is difficult to quantify, but easy to recognize. Clean lines without trying too hard. Luxury mixed with utility. Trend awareness balanced by restraint and purpose.

It’s golf fashion shaped by one of the world’s most style-literate cities, something I like to call Seoul Sensibilities, referring to the taste level forged by a uniquely competitive environment.

And increasingly, global brands have noticed.

Many golf brands in Korea have their own flagship shops dedicated to apparel only

Titleist understood this years ago, when its apparel business in Korea took on a life of its own under new ownership and local direction. What had once been a straightforward extension of an iconic equipment giant became something sharper and more premium. By going all in on the serious Tour-player look (I couldn’t even fit into their XL sizes), Titleist struck the right chord with Korean consumers and helped its fledgling apparel business break into the mainstream. Titleist became a household name even for non-golfers who wore its caps, shirts, and windbreakers in daily life. In many ways, it proved that even heritage golf brands could carry real fashion credibility when viewed through a Korean lens.

Several years later, PXG took a page out of Titleist’s playbook and followed suit. Korean consumers helped transform the brand from one known largely for irons and loud commercials into something broader and more stylish. PXG apparel’s growth in Korea was explosive, where it found an early audience and turned the category into something more than mere logo merchandise. It is still hard to walk anywhere in Seoul without seeing its palindrome logo.

Malbon’s meteoric rise in the United States was genuine, but its ascent into a global golf lifestyle brand owes much to Korea, where it was elevated by a market already fluent in modern golf style. Korea did not simply embrace Malbon. It pressure-tested the concept, refined its appeal, and helped push it into the global spotlight.

As such, new brands may arrive from abroad, but more often than not, their sharpest evolution happens here. If a brand can earn credibility in Seoul, it’s deemed to have passed one of the toughest style audits in the game.

That is why the next meaningful chapter may not come from outside, but from a Korean brand moving in the opposite direction, carrying those Seoul Sensibilities outward as K-pop once did.

Play young Stay dope.

From Seoul, With Intent

Khalhon is a label that feels less like a trend-chasing newcomer and more like the product of a market that has already seen everything. Golfers here have long been surrounded by luxury logos, technical fabrics, and tour uniforms disguised as lifestyle wear and vice-versa. In other words, novelty alone rarely lasts here, and the Koreans seems to understand that instinctively.

Its style language leans into clean silhouettes, relaxed but tailored proportions, muted palettes, and premium materials that speak quietly but confidently. There is a modern city aesthetic running through it all, with strong layering pieces, thoughtful textures, and subtle branding that suggests sophistication rather than demanding attention.

“Built for the course. Designed beyond it.”

Most importantly, the garments seem designed to blur the line between golfwear and everyday style. Shirts, trousers, knitwear, and outer layers move comfortably between a game of screen golf, a lunch reservation, an airport gate, or an afternoon coffee in Gangnam with friends.

It raises the question of whether this is golfwear that happens to look good off the course, or everyday clothing that performs beautifully on the fairways.

Personally, I have long appreciated Nike Golf for its clean, athletic modernization of golf attire. It also has the useful side effect of making me look like a more serious golfer than I probably am. But off the course, there are times when being instantly identified as the golf guy in a crowd of non-golfers can feel a touch self-conscious.

“Built for the course. Designed beyond it.”

That is part of what drew me to Khalhon, which seemed to blend golf and everyday wear naturally. While some of the outfits may be slightly beyond my personal confidence level, the brand also offers tasteful options for older guys like me who still want to express a little personality without regretting the decision later.

These are not simply flashy outfits worn on the course and then banished to the closet until the next tee time. They work surprisingly well off the course too, and I suspect many of the pieces will still look right a couple of years from now, which would certainly be kinder to my wallet than most golf fashion trends tend to be.

And perhaps that broader lifestyle positioning also helps explain why someone like Sean Wotherspoon would find Khalhon creatively interesting in the first place.

“Built for the course. Designed beyond it.”

“Korea is not only one of the most fashion-forward golf markets in the world, but one of the most fashion-forward markets globally. Korea is ahead, and I love to watch and try to catch up.” – Sean Wotherspoon, Creative Director at Khalhon

Seoul and Beyond

If Khalhon’s rise says something about where Korean golf fashion is today, its relationship with Sean Wotherspoon says even more about where it is heading.

For readers less familiar with Sean Wotherspoon, his arrival at Khalhon is not some routine celebrity endorsement or influencer collaboration. In design and streetwear circles, Wotherspoon is regarded as one of the more influential creative voices of his generation, particularly when it comes to blending nostalgia, storytelling, and contemporary culture into products that people can connect with.

He first gained widespread attention through his now-famous Nike sneaker collaborations, where his vintage-inspired designs and instinct for color helped turn him into one of the defining artists of the late-2010s sneaker era. His work gradually expanded beyond footwear into apparel, automotive collaborations, collectibles, and broader lifestyle design.

Modern golf style now extends well beyond the fairways, where performance and functionality are largely expected by default. And while plenty of brands already make technically competent golfwear, Khalhon seems more focused on designing clothes people would genuinely want to wear even after the round ends.

And when guys at Wotherspoon’s level show genuine interest in working with a Korean golf brand as its new Creative Director, fashion circles tend to sit up and pay attention. There’s already a huge buzz among the fashion-conscious here about upcoming collabs with iconic sports stars and brands.

“My creative direction for Khalhon is disruptive, colorful, nostalgic, and modern. My goal is to blend these avenues seamlessly within each collection.” – Sean Wotherspoon

In chatting with Sean, what stood out most to me was how genuinely energized he sounded about the project itself. Despite having already worked across and countless other creative spaces, he described golf as a completely fresh category for him, saying that Khalhon “will be an amazing vehicle for my design work.”

At the same time, his enthusiasm seemed tied just as much to Korea itself. He spoke openly about admiring Korea’s fashion culture while repeatedly insisting he is still a terrible golfer.

There was something oddly refreshing about that humility. Rather than sounding like a celebrity parachuting into golf simply because the category suddenly became fashionable, Sean sounded genuinely curious about what Korea might do with the category next.

And perhaps that is what makes Khalhon feel interesting right now. The brand feels less like a trend-chaser and more like the natural result of a market now confident enough to export its own point of view.

For years, global brands came to Korea to sharpen their image against one of the most discerning audiences anywhere. Now, a Korean label appears ready to send those Seoul Sensibilities outward instead.

Which brings us back to kkot-saem-chu-i.

That final cold snap before spring always arrives with a reminder that seasons are changing, whether we notice it immediately or not. Golf fashion feels a little like that right now as well, as the old boundaries between sport, streetwear, luxury, and everyday style continue to soften.

And somewhere in Seoul, a Korean golf label already seems prepared for whatever season comes next. I just hope they have everything in my size.

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